Energy Efficient Zone Division Multihop Hierarchical Clustering Algorithm for Load Balancing in Wireless Sensor Network

Wireless sensor nodes are use most embedded computing application. Multihop cluster hierarchy has been presented for large wireless sensor networks (WSNs) that can provide scalable routing, data aggregation, and querying. The energy consumption rate for sensors in a WSN varies greatly based on the protocols the sensors use for communications. In this paper we present a cluster based routing algorithm. One of our main goals is to design the energy efficient routing protocol. Here we try to solve the usual problems of WSNs. We know the efficiency of WSNs depend upon the distance between node to base station and the amount of data to be transferred and the performance of clustering is greatly influenced by the selection of cluster-heads, which are in charge of creating clusters and controlling member nodes. This algorithm makes the best use of node with low number of cluster head know as super node. Here we divided the full region in four equal zones and the center area of the region is used to select for super node. Each zone is considered separately and the zone may be or not divided further that’s depending upon the density of nodes in that zone and capability of the super node. This algorithm forms multilayer communication. The no of layer depends on the network current load and statistics. Our algorithm is easily extended to generate a hierarchy of cluster heads to obtain better network management and energy efficiency. Keywordsrouting protocol; WSN; multihop; load balancing; cluster based routing; zone division.